The Growth of Prefabricated Exterior Walls

预制外墙的发展

January 12, 2022，Richard Martens

KEYWORDS healthcare / panel / prefabricated wall panels / wall panels

SkyRise预制建筑解决方案设计、制造和安装了17000平方英尺的StoPanel?Classic NExT ci，具有预制砖形状的StoCast砖和定制饰面的StoSignature?石。所有照片由Sto公司提供。

Construction has always been an exercise in compromise and problem solving. On every project, some things need to give, for reasons of cost, practicality, or factors outside the control of the project team. Other aspects, like safety and code compliance, cannot be compromised. The success of every project depends on finding effective solutions to unique and complex challenges.

建设一直是妥协和解决问题的练习。在每个项目中，由于成本、实用性或项目团队无法控制的因素，需要给出一些东西。其他方面，如安全性和代码遵从性，是不能妥协的。每个项目的成功都取决于对独特而复杂的挑战找到有效的解决方案。

Prefabricated exterior walls are changing the game in construction by providing customized constructability solutions. After maturing for decades, practices for designing, fabricating and installing prefabricated exterior walls have evolved to the point where design teams are realizing the benefits of considering prefabrication early in project design.

通过提供定制的可施工性解决方案，预制外墙正在改变建筑行业的游戏。经过几十年的成熟，设计、制造和安装预制外墙的实践已经发展到设计团队意识到在项目设计早期考虑预制的好处。

 

A combination of StoPanel? Impact ci and StoPanel? Classic NExT ci were the solution allowing Wal-Mark Contracting to manufacture and install 136 panels in 11 days with 8 panel installation experts, exceeding schedule expectations.

StoPanel?Impact ci和StoPanel?Classic NExT ci的组合是一种解决方案，使沃尔玛在11天内与8名面板安装专家一起制造和安装136块面板，超出了预期。

Start by Starting Over

从头开始

The decision to prefabricate has historically been driven by building enclosure installers, and facilitated by the design-build process. Confronted with difficult situations, such as an aggressive construction schedule, need for cost and schedule certainty, limited access to the jobsite and a host of other issues, it has been installers who have brought prefabrication to the attention of the project team. In that scenario, some pushback is inevitable.

历史上，预制的决定一直是由建筑围护结构安装人员推动的，并由设计-建造过程促进。面对各种困难的情况，如施工进度紧张、成本和进度的确定性、进入工地的限制以及一系列其他问题，正是安装人员引起了项目团队对预制构件的关注。在这种情况下，一些阻力是不可避免的。

By the time a design and construction team has been established, building design is substantially complete. To prefabricate exterior walls, a degree of redesign is needed. Typically, manufacturers of prefabricated walls provide design-assist services to simplify this process. Nevertheless, redesign is never a prospect that is joyfully greeted. Only after specific, compelling benefits are established and quantified will redesign occur.

当设计和施工团队成立时，建筑设计基本完成。预制外墙需要一定程度的重新设计。通常情况下，预制墙体制造商会提供设计辅助服务来简化这一过程。然而，重新设计从来都不是一个愉快的前景。只有在确定具体的、引人注目的利益并量化之后，才会重新设计。

Success builds success. As the benefits of project redesign for prefabrication have proven worthwhile, more design teams are taking a serious look at prefabrication, driving explosive growth in exterior wall prefabrication.

成功构建成功。随着预制构件项目重新设计的好处被证明是值得的，更多的设计团队正在认真考虑预制构件，推动外墙预制构件的爆炸性增长。

One example of a project redesigned for prefabrication is 109 King Avenue in Newcastle Ontario Canada. Located in a historical area, it needed to provide an authentic brick appearance consistent with surrounding buildings. However, the weight of brick and supporting lintels, particularly in narrow sections adjacent to windows, made site construction difficult. The looming Canadian winter was also a consideration. Time invested in redesign for prefabrication paid off with fast, cost-effective project completion.

加拿大安大略省纽卡斯尔市国王大道109号是一个为预制而重新设计的项目。它位于历史区域，需要提供与周围建筑一致的真实的砖外观。然而，砖和支撑梁的重量，特别是在靠近窗户的狭窄部分，使现场施工困难。加拿大即将到来的冬天也是一个考虑因素。在重新设计预制构件上投入的时间得到了回报，项目快速、低成本地完成了。

 

Hospitals Lead

医院类项目的驱动

Schedule certainty is a key driver for hospitals. Consider the carefully orchestrated chain of events that culminate in the opening of a new hospital. Expensive, sophisticated equipment must be installed, set up and ready for use. Teams of doctors and nurses are recruited, trained and ready to go. Support staff and everything needed to ensure patient wellbeing must be in place. All contingencies must be prepared for, from scheduled surgeries to medical emergencies. Delaying hospital opening by even one day is not acceptable.

时间表的确定性是医院的关键驱动因素。想想在一家新医院开业时精心策划的一系列事件吧。必须安装、设置和准备好使用昂贵、复杂的设备。医生和护士团队已被招募、培训并准备出发。支持人员和确保病人健康所需的一切都必须到位。必须为所有突发事件做好准备，从预定的手术到医疗紧急情况。医院开业哪怕推迟一天也不能接受。

By using Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) design and construction approach, early involvement with Jersey Panel provided engineering, fabrication, shipping, and installation of the 121,000 sqft wall panels, that included:  StoPanel? Brick ci with Masonry Stone Veneer, StoPanel? Metal ci, and StoPanel? NExT ci using Sto’s unique Stolit? Lotusan? textured finish.

Enter prefabrication. By manufacturing in an offsite factory, walls are fabricated under controlled conditions, then packaged and prepared for delivery when the project is ready to receive them. Installation of completed wall panels takes days or weeks, not months. For example, at the UCF Lake Nona Medical Center, an 8-person team installed 136 exterior wall panels in only 11 days.

进入预制。通过在非现场工厂制造，墙是在受控条件下制造的，然后在项目准备接收时进行包装和准备交付。完成墙板的安装需要数天或数周，而不是数月。例如，在UCF诺娜湖医疗中心，一个8人团队在11天内安装了136块外墙板 。

 

Thrifty and Good Looking

节俭和好看

Every construction project is about creating value, and few things compare to stunning aesthetics when it comes to value. Virtually any exterior aesthetic can be prefabricated. Design freedom need not be compromised to realize the benefits of prefabrication. For example, the Inspira Medical Center in Mullica Hills, N.J. combined flat and radiused panels, a microtextured self-cleaning finish and thin stone veneer to create a dynamic appearance.

每一个建筑项目都是关于创造价值，当涉及到价值时，很少有东西能与令人惊叹的美学相比。几乎任何外观美感都可以预制。无需为了实现预制的好处而牺牲设计自由度。例如，新泽西州穆里卡山(Mullica Hills)的Inspira医疗中心(Inspira Medical Center)结合了平板和放射状面板、微纹理自洁饰面和薄石贴面，创造了一种动态的外观。

Construction economics do change, however. Some aspects of prefabrication add up-front cost, others create substantial project savings. Prefabricated walls avoid the time and expense of scaffolding a building, mobilizing a large install team, and installing the building enclosure as weather permits. Far fewer people are needed, an advantage in today’s tight labor market. However, wall sections must be engineered in advance, manufactured, placed in inventory, and paid for in advance. The walls then need to be transported to the jobsite.

然而，建筑经济学确实发生了变化。预制的某些方面增加了前期成本，其他方面则节省了大量的项目成本。预制墙体避免了为建筑物搭建脚手架的时间和费用，也避免了动员大型安装团队，并在天气允许的情况下安装建筑围护结构。需要的人手少得多，这在如今紧张的劳动力市场上是一个优势。然而，墙体部分必须提前设计，制造，库存，并提前支付。然后这些墙需要被运送到工地。

While every project is different, there are common elements to projects where economics strongly favor prefabrication.

虽然每个项目都是不同的，但在经济上强烈支持预制的项目中，有一些共同的元素。

 

Kapture Prefab结合了两个经过测试和验证的StoPanel?系统;StoPanel?Classic NExT ci和StoPanel?drii - design?，提供了一个引人注目的设计，包括一个独特的功能:金属面板安装在一个特定的模式，代表亚利桑那州立大学的战斗歌曲的音符。

Urban High-Rise Chic

时尚的高层建筑

Dense city cores favor tall buildings. As buildings get taller, scaffolding becomes more expensive, heavy materials must be raised high above the ground, weather challenges compound, and safety concerns become more pressing. Further, laydown area for staging construction is often limited, and concerns about construction waste are elevated. At the Hilton Canopy Hotel in Tempe, Ariz., one existing building was only 3 feet away from the project. Prefabricated exterior walls simplified installation and trimmed more than 3-months from the project schedule, easily justifying redesign for prefabrication.

密集的城市核心有利于高层建筑。随着建筑物越来越高，脚手架变得越来越昂贵，沉重的材料必须被搬到离地很高的地方，天气挑战越来越多，安全问题也变得越来越紧迫。此外，分期施工的铺设面积通常是有限的，对建筑垃圾的担忧也有所增加。在亚利桑那州坦佩的希尔顿树冠酒店。，一个现有的建筑距离该项目只有3英尺。预制外墙简化了安装，缩短了3个多月的项目进度，很容易就可以重新设计预制。

For urban high-rise construction, it often is much more economical to bring finished wall panels to the site and hoist them into place with a crane. On the Aloft & Element Hotel project in Austin, Texas, a six-person team installed a 33-floor exterior envelope in 66 days. On-site installation is not rushed; it is fast because most of the work has been completed at the factory. Safety is greatly improved by the reduced installation team size, elimination of scaffolding, and the brief time the team is on-site.

对于城市高层建筑来说，将完成的墙板运到现场，用起重机将其吊到指定位置，通常是更经济的做法。在德克萨斯州奥斯汀的雅乐轩酒店(Aloft & Element Hotel)项目中，一个六人团队在66天内安装了33层的外部信封。现场安装不冲;它很快，因为工厂的大部分工作已经完成了。通过减少安装团队的规模，消除脚手架，以及团队在现场的时间短，大大提高了安全性。

An added benefit is drastic reduction in jobsite construction waste. Building product packaging, excess materials and windblown debris are examples of construction waste that does not reach the jobsite. These items are managed much more efficiently at the prefabrication factory.

另一个好处是工地建筑废物的大幅减少。建筑产品包装，多余的材料和被风吹的碎片是建筑垃圾没有到达工地的例子。预制工厂对这些项目的管理效率要高得多。

 

与设计和施工团队合作，7个行业被包裹在一个完全工程面板。通过使用StoPanel?drid - design?，高水平的预制方法为业主交付了速度，同时保持了奥斯汀市中心的美学吸引力。

Time is Money

时间就是金钱

Time is important in absolute and relative terms. Hospitals and student housing projects need to be completed on a specific date. For buildings that create high cashflow, completing construction as quickly as possible can dramatically improve project ROI. Quick serve restaurants, hotels, casinos and retail complexes are examples of high cashflow projects that benefit from accelerated construction schedules.

时间无论在绝对意义上还是相对意义上都很重要。医院和学生住房项目需要在特定日期完成。对于创造高现金流的建筑，尽快完成建设可以显著提高项目的投资回报率。快速服务餐厅、酒店、赌场和零售综合体是受益于加快建设进度的高现金流项目的例子。

Restoration projects can also face time constraints. The 309 East Paces Ferry Road project in Atlanta GA began with a 3D scan of the existing structure. Over 30,000 square-feet of exterior panels were prefabricated, allowing installation to be completed in four weeks, far exceeding expectations.

修复项目也可能面临时间限制。位于亚特兰大的309东步道项目开始于对现有结构的3D扫描。超过30000平方英尺的外部面板是预制的，允许安装在4周内完成，远远超出预期。

Time of year can also be a factor. For projects in cold climates, completing the building enclosure before the snow flies is often a priority, so interior work can be performed in inclement winter months.

一年中的时间也可能是一个因素。对于寒冷气候下的项目，在雪飞之前完成建筑围护结构通常是优先考虑的，因此室内工作可以在恶劣的冬季进行。

 

SOUTHEN WALL系统将这座古老的建筑带入了21世纪，通过3d扫描整个建筑，捕捉所有的细微差别和变化。StoSignature?砖和StoCreativ?花岗岩饰面能够捕捉这个翻新项目的经典，但现代的外观。

The Human Element

人的因素

To a large extent, building enclosures remain hand made. People do better work when they are comfortable, and are most comfortable when enjoying steady work in an indoor environment, with an employer that invests in developing their skills. The improvements in build quality evident in prefabricated exterior walls have many sources. One of them is the much better work environment it provides for the technicians who prefabricate walls.

在很大程度上，建筑围护结构仍然是手工制作的。当人们感到舒适时，他们的工作表现会更好，在室内环境中享受稳定的工作是最舒适的，因为雇主会投资培养他们的技能。预制外墙明显改善了建筑质量，其原因有很多。其中之一是它为预制墙体的技术人员提供了更好的工作环境。

The factory environment is also conducive to quality practices perfected in other industries. Each panel can be inspected before it is shipped, records kept on the design and fabrication of each wall panel, and production processes can be perfected over time.

工厂环境也有利于在其他行业中完善质量实践。每块面板在运输前都可以进行检查，每个墙板的设计和制造都有记录，生产过程可以随着时间的推移而完善。

 

Great Lakes预制，与Grayhaw, LLC合作，在8周内设计、制造和安装156 StoPanel?Classic ci墙板，以满足积极的时间表，以便内部敏感系统的建设可以开始。

Project Planning

项目规划

While the prefabricated exterior wall industry has grown by successfully redesigning projects for prefabrication, in many cases prefabrication is considered after it is too late to change the design, or not considered at all. For those projects, the benefits of prefabrication are lost.

虽然预制外墙行业通过成功地重新设计预制项目而发展起来，但在许多情况下，预制是在为时已晚之后才考虑更改设计，或根本没有考虑。对于这些项目来说，预制的好处就失去了。

Designing with prefabricated exterior walls in mind has few costs and many benefits. Informed decisions made early in the design process optimize project outcomes and avoid project redesign costs.

考虑到预制外墙的设计成本低，但好处多。在设计过程的早期做出明智的决策可以优化项目结果并避免项目重新设计的成本。

An example of this is the LaPorte Hospital in Laporte, Ind. While in schematic design, the design team awarded a design assist contract to an engineering firm familiar with exterior wall prefabrication. Most of the engineering work would have been applicable to site-built or prefab construction. Design assist helped the project team realize the benefits of exterior wall prefabrication without the expense of redesign.

这方面的一个例子是印第安纳州LaPorte的LaPorte医院。在进行方案设计时，设计团队将设计协助合同授予了一家熟悉外墙预制的工程公司。大多数工程工作将适用于现场建造或预制建筑。设计协助帮助项目团队在无需重新设计的情况下实现了外墙预制的好处。

 

One to Many—Industrializing Prefabrication

一到多——工业化预制

From its roots as an outcome of installer-driven project redesign, the growth driver of the prefabricated exterior wall industry has transitioned to serial builders. From health care to hospitality to quick serve restaurants, companies that construct large numbers of similar buildings are increasingly designing their buildings to realize the benefit of prefabrication.

从其根源上来说，作为安装驱动项目重新设计的结果，预制外墙行业的增长动力已经转向系列建造商。从医疗保健到酒店到快餐餐厅，建造大量类似建筑的公司越来越多地在设计建筑时考虑到预制的好处。

Led by prefabrication, the construction industry is on the cusp of rapid and substantial change. Standardized wall configurations open the door to mass production. That changes the game for exterior wall manufacturers. Investments in production capacity can be confidently planned, knowing that baseload demand for standardized wall sections will keep capacity utilization high despite the cyclical nature of construction.

在预制的带动下，建筑行业正处于快速和实质性变化的风口。标准化的墙体配置为大规模生产打开了大门。这改变了外墙制造商的游戏规则。生产能力的投资可以自信地规划，知道标准化墙体截面的基本负载需求将保持产能利用率高，尽管建设的周期性。

With the economics of prefabricated exterior walls steadily improving, digitization of design and construction will turbocharge the pace of growth. Visualization tools will facilitate uniquely striking appearances constructed from standardized components. Engineering solutions will become faster and easier to implement. Much of the exterior wall market will transition from one-off custom solutions to off-the-shelf products that can be readily incorporated into building design.

随着预制外墙的经济性稳步提高，设计和施工的数字化将加快增长速度。可视化工具将促进由标准化组件构建的独特外观。工程解决方案将变得更快、更容易实现。许多外墙市场将从一次性定制解决方案过渡到现成的产品，这些产品可以很容易地融入建筑设计。

This is an exciting time for the construction industry and for prefabricated exterior walls. From boutique to mainstream to revolutionary, prefabricated exterior walls are poised to rock the world of construction.

对于建筑行业和预制外墙来说，这是一个激动人心的时代。从精品到主流到革命性，预制外墙随时准备震撼建筑世界。

补充STO轻钢复合墙体视频及产品介绍：

STO轻钢预制外围护墙体制作动画

STO轻钢预制外围护墙体安装动画

STO轻钢预制外围护墙体防水系统

Sto Panel Technology is a national and international program designed to transform the construction industry through partnerships forged between leading contractors & fabricators and Sto Corp. – the world’s number one manufacturer of exterior wall systems.

Sto面板技术旨在通过领先的承包商和制造商与世界上最大的外墙系统制造商Sto公司建立伙伴关系来改变建筑业。

Our affiliates are independently owned and operated companies in every major construction market. By creating a branded, tested, proven and warranted prefabricated wall panel, Sto Panel Technology offers project owners, architects, GC’s/CM’s and design consultants a recognizable, high-quality standard for the exteriors of their buildings.

我们的子公司是独立拥有和经营的公司在每个主要的建筑市场。通过创建一个有品牌的、经过测试的、经过验证的和有保证的预制墙板，Sto墙板技术为项目业主、建筑师、GC/CM（这是什么角色？）和设计顾问提供了一个可识别的、高质量的建筑外墙标准。

StoPanel wall assemblies combine the latest technology and proven products to deliver the most energy efficient, architecturally versatile exterior in the construction industry today, employing a process that saves time, adds value and improves quality.

StoPanel墙体组件结合了最新的技术和经过验证的产品，为当今的建筑行业提供了最节能、建筑上通用的外观，采用了节省时间、增加价值和提高质量的过程。

By specifying a single, versatile panel with the option of utilizing virtually any desired finish — from brick and natural stone to the most modern, light-weight energy-efficient coating systems — owners and designers now have the freedom to choose the look they prefer while meeting the schedule and performance requirements the GC/CM desires at a price every owner will find attractive.

通过指定一个单一的，多功能的面板，几乎可以使用任何想要的表面-从砖和天然石材到最现代的，轻质节能的涂层系统-业主和设计师现在可以自由选择他们喜欢的外观，同时满足GC/CM期望的时间表和性能要求，价格每个业主都会觉得有吸引力。

StoPanel systems provide a systemized approach to panelized construction offering many benefits over traditional pre-cast panels, including speed, value and superior performance. All panels are lightweight, energy efficient, durable and are available in a wide variety of aesthetic options. StoPanel systems are the preferred choice for new construction and renovation projects.

StoPanel系统提供了一种系统化的面板结构方法，与传统的预制面板相比，它具有许多优点，包括速度、价值和优越的性能。所有的面板都很轻，节能，耐用，并有各种各样的美学选择。StoPanel系统是新建和改造项目的首选。

The StoPanel Swisspearl system uniquely combines the convenience and cost-effectiveness of offsite panel manufacturing with the look and feel of an innovative modern aesthetic. Discover the inspiring freedom of creative possibilities offered by the wide range of colors, finishes, custom engravings and sun shading elements. With Swisspearl the design solutions are unlimited.

StoPanel Swisspearl系统将现场外面板制造的便利性和成本效益与创新的现代美学的外观和感觉独特地结合在一起。探索由广泛的颜色、饰面、定制雕刻和遮阳元素提供的鼓舞人心的自由创作可能性。与Swisspearl的设计解决方案是无限的。

Architecturally Inspiring and Sustainable 

建筑创新和可持续

Combine functionality with innovative design Design flexibility, offering a variety of sizes and colors ASTM E136 compliant: StoPanel Swisspearl is non-combustible Minimal construction waste due to sustainable StoPanel pre-fabrication technology 

将功能与创新设计相结合，设计灵活，提供多种尺寸和颜色符合ASTM E136: StoPanel Swisspearl是不燃烧的，由于可持续的StoPanel预制技术，建筑垃圾最小

Durable and Easy to Maintain 

耐用，易于维护

Virtually maintenance free; ventilation space prevents condensation and mildew Swisspearl facades provide extended resistance to weathering for outstanding long-term performance Rainscreen design allows unhampered thermal expansion and contraction, effectively controlling thermal stresses 

几乎免费维修;通风空间防止冷凝和发霉 ，Swisspearl 幕墙提供了长期性能卓越的抗风化性能，雨幕设计允许不受阻碍的热膨胀和收缩，有效控制热应力

Manufactured to the Highest Industry Standards 

按照最高的行业标准制造

Speed, value and quality derived from off-site production of wall assembly Produced by experienced StoPanel affiliates located throughout the U.S., Canada and South America Meets various building code requirements for continuous insulation (ci) and air and moisture barriers Panels are light weight, reducing loads impacting overall structure

由遍布美国、加拿大和南美的经验丰富的StoPanel子公司生产的墙壁组件，满足各种建筑规范对连续保温(ci)和空气和水分屏障的要求。面板重量轻，减少了对整体结构的影响。