Luigi Rovati基金会博物馆,是一座以再现辉煌的 伊特鲁里亚文化遗产 为主题,集陈列展览、收藏保护、科普教育、与科学研究为一体的 专题类历史文化博物馆 。
一座穿梭在过去、现在和未来之间的建筑。
这是 米兰未来最重要的公共文化类建筑代表,也是 MCA最具启发性的项目之一。
The Luigi Rovati Foundation Museum, winner of the 2020 American Architecture Masterprize.
Urban Lounge
The project was born out of the desire of the Foundation Luigi Rovati to restore and extend the historic 19th-century Bocconi-Rizzoli-Carraro palace without changing its character and to transform it into a museum dedicated to the important collections of the Etruscan period. The museum will not only be an exhibition space, but also a cultural centre in the field of conservation, research, and improvement of ancient monuments, providing an academic space for research and exchange among scholars exploring Etruscan civilization, establishing international partnerships, organizing thematic conferences and events, and disseminating historical and cultural knowledge.
Inspiration From History
“它是一个地下博物馆,并不意味着它必须是一个墓地。进入后,人们会发现自己沉浸在一个城市中,因为伊特鲁里亚人实践了真正的城市化概念:我们今天所谓的城市概念是由伊特鲁里亚人发明的,然后被罗马人继承和改造。”
—— Luigi Rovati 基金会主席Giovanna Forlanelli
The Etruscan civilisation was a civilisation that developed in the Etruscan region (the present-day Italian peninsula and the island of Corsica) between the 12th and 1st centuries BC. The Etruscans believed that people went to another world after death, so the most impressive art of the Etruscan civilisation was the architecture of tombs. There are two types of Etruscan tomb shapes: one is a vaulted roof over a circular base built of large stones, the whole of which is then covered with earth in the shape of a steamed bun. The other is based on the Etruscan form of dwelling, where a quadrangular base is dug into the ground to create an underground hall.
The design draws inspiration from the architectural features of the Etruscan civilisation, alluding to the Etruscan catacomb style of the town of Cerveteri, and aims to evoke an interaction with the Etruscan civilisation. The building39;s exhibition space extends from the palace above ground to the underground, featuring three large domes that create a mystical atmosphere of the Etruscan civilisation.
Based on the Etruscan belief in reaching the other world after death, the building uses the contrast between light and dark in the interior to demonstrate the delicate balance between earthly life and the world of bliss. The effect is created by large blocks of bright quartz sandstone, with vessels displayed in transparent display cases at different heights, which appear to float in the air. At the same time, a slight echoing effect creates a sacred atmosphere and enhances the emotional resonance of the space.
Function Layout
博物馆的设计包括: 整个场地的重新规划 、 19世纪宫殿建筑及花园的修复 、 地下两层扩建 。
The ground floor extension is the main display space for the collection; the former palace building is set up for functions related to the museum39;s activities, including a bookshop, design shop, café, library, conference and event space, temporary exhibition space, restaurant and offices of the Luigi Rovati Foundation.
The museum39;s spacious first floor foyer, bookshop and design shop connect the café to the interior garden. This makes the museum an open space for the city, an urban lounge of art and culture that invites people to stop and explore.
The outdoor gardens were landscaped and restored by Greencure, at the request of the National Superintendency of Archaeology, Fine Arts and Landscape of Milan, which focused on maintaining the existing tree species, incorporating vegetation and lawns appropriate to the urban environment, selecting drought-tolerant plants and reducing water consumption.
Flowing Underground Space
The 30,000 stone pieces are stacked upwards in layers to form three circular and one large oval underground exhibition area, giving the impression of a hollowed-out mining space and presenting the natural beauty of the building. All of the museum39;s stone is made from pietra serena, a natural stone from the Firenzuola quarry in Tuscany. Each piece of stone is individually designed, precisely cut and assembled to achieve formal continuity. At the same time, the horizontal stripes of the stone pieces create a suspended effect and a free-flowing feeling with the reflected light patches of mica in the stone.
Each slab is approximately 5 cm thick and 1 m long, with a distance of approximately 5 mm between each adjacent slab. Using the airy nature of the natural sandstone and the gaps between the stone pieces, a breathing wall is created where air can circulate naturally from the integrated unit to the substructure, allowing for good air circulation and fully solving the problem of ventilation in underground buildings.
The construction of the underground space began with structural reinforcement by inserting building piles around the existing building, followed by excavation and extension. Finally, the miniature piles that had previously supported the entire building were removed and the roof of the underground space was constructed. The underground dome arches out of the ground and forms an earthbag in the garden, which both accentuates the underground space and recalls the image of the Cerveteri catacombs.
Exhibition
Environmental & Energy Sustainability
All the heat and cooling energy required for air conditioning is obtained through a ground source heat pump and a rooftop photovoltaic system to take advantage of Milan39;s excellent geothermal resources. Not only does this reduce carbon emissions and noise, but it also ensures maximum availability of the building39;s outdoor space.
A fresh air system is used in the interior spaces to purify and filter dust particles and gaseous pollution from the air, ensuring excellent air quality. The addition of thermal insulation to the well-preserved historic walls, the replacement of all window and door frames with high thermal and visual performance components and the introduction of an automatic solar and light comfort controlled shading system have simultaneously resulted in a significant improvement in the performance of the building envelope.
“Luigi Rovati基金会博物馆的修复及扩建,诠释了改造更新、可持续性、能源策略和材料再利用等概念;为游客、研究和工作人员创造舒适的环境。
—— Mario Cucinella
▲ 首层平面图
▲ 沿街立面 图
▲ 内花园剖面 图
▲ 地下博物馆室内剖面 图
▲ 二层室内剖面图
位置: 意大利,米兰
时间: 2022年
面积: 4000平方米
项目方: Luigi Rovati基金会
团队: Mario Cucinella, Enrico Iascone, Giovanni Sanna, Damiano Comini, Lucrezia Rendace, Maria Dolores Del Sol Ontalba, Luca Sandri, Donato Labella, Michela Galli, Dario Castellari, Enrico Pintabona, Irene Sapienza, Martina Buccitti, Wallison Caetano, Eurind Caka, Flavio Giacone, Ernesto Tambroni, Chiara Tomassi, Davide Cazzaniga, Silvia Conversano, Yuri Costantini ( 模型) , Andrea Genovesi (模型)
视觉效果: Pictury, MCA Visual - Alessia Monacelli, Walter Vecchio
摄影: Duccio Malagamba, Giovanni de Sandre
景观设计: Greencure
结构工程: Milan Ingegneria S.r.l.
工程服务: Manens – Tifs S.p.A
LEED顾问: Manens – Tifs S.p.A
石材和穹顶工程: Casone Group S.r.l., Elios Engineering
修复工程 : Chiarugi Simone Restauri Mobili Antichi, Gasparoli S.r.l.
声学 : Biobyte S.r.l.
灯光 : iGuzzini illuminazione S.p.A, Enrico Colombo S.p.A.
多媒体/科技 : Dotdotdot S.r.l., Zeranta Edutainment S.r.l.
平面/标识: Zup Design S.r.l., Silvia Gherra – silosilo studio
承包商: Ediltecno Restauri S.r.l., Aertermica S.r.l.
无障碍设施: Associazione L’abilità onlus | Fondazione De Agostini
消防安全: Gae Engineering S.r.l.
现场监管: Engineer Walter Incerti – IZed Partners
健康与安全: Engineer Claudio Caramia – Arkein Studio
餐馆及咖啡厅室内设计: Flaviano Capriotti Architetti, Giorgio Mantegazza – Attua Project
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